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gallstone ileus
Gallstone ileus is a rare form of small bowel obstruction caused by an impaction of a gallstone within the lumen of the small intestine. Such a gallstone is hypothesized to enter the gut lumen via cholecysto-enteric fistula. Large stones, >2.5 cm in diameter, are thought to predispose to fistula formation by gradual erosion through the gallbladder fundus.〔 Most commonly, obstruction occurs at the distal ileum (i.e. ileocecal valve), but can occur at almost any other location in the GI tract.〔Classically there is obstruction/impaction about 60 cm proximal to ileocaecal valve.〔
The name "gallstone ileus" is a misnomer because an ileus is, by definition, a ''non-mechanical'' small bowel motility failure.
==Diagnosis==
Diagnosis of gallstone ileus requires radiographic studies. Classic findings of pneumobilia (air within the biliary tree), small bowel obstruction, and radiolucent gallstone on abdominal plain films is known as Rigler's triad.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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